Health Canada has given the green light for a birth control vaccine trial on free-roaming horses in Alberta. The Alberta government is concerned about the growing horse populations in certain regions, deeming them “unacceptable” due to their impact on grazing areas for livestock and wildlife. As part of the feral horse management framework, contraception has been identified as a key strategy alongside removal and adoption.
A “research authorization” was granted by Health Canada for the use of the contraceptive vaccine SpayVac-Equid in feral horses. Although this authorization is specific to research purposes and not for general use, it marks a significant step in exploring population control methods. The Alberta government is currently reviewing the approval specifics related to horse contraception, emphasizing the importance of implementing humane and science-based management actions.
The latest feral horse survey in Alberta revealed a record-high count of 2,072 wild horses across six equine management zones, with populations in certain zones deemed unsustainable ecologically. The province views these horses as stray animals rather than wildlife, prompting the need for effective population management strategies.
In a bid to address the population issue, a new strategy involving a contraception pilot project was launched in collaboration with the Wild Horses of Alberta Society back in 2014. The project focused on testing the efficacy of a vaccine called ZonaStat-H in controlling population growth. Despite positive results, challenges such as cost and terrain difficulties were noted, highlighting the need for alternative approaches.
The Wild Horses of Alberta Society intends to implement a new plan involving the capture, manual administration of contraception, and release of horses back into the wild. This method boasts a high success rate, lasting contraceptive effects, and minimal disruption to herd dynamics. With a focus on sustainable population control, the society aims to work in harmony with the provincial government to ensure the well-being of both the horses and the land.
